The future Lord Lynedoch showed the stuff of which that gallant soldier was made. He upset the robber who addressed them, then jumped out and secured him.
The confederate took to his heels. Then, again, this neighbourhood has more than once been the scene of civil strife and bloodshed; and Mr. Hay Hill, which connects the south-east angle of the square with Grafton and Dover Streets, is a steep slope, and covers part of the site of the gardens belonging to Berkeley House.
It is generally thought to derive its name, like Farm Street, on the other side of the square, from the rural manor of which it once formed a part. But Peter Cunningham considers it is a corruption of the "Eye" or "Aye," a brook which ran at its foot from Tyburn, which he supposes to be a corruption of "Eye-burn" or "Ay-burn.
Near this, in the reign of Queen Mary, as already mentioned, a skirmish took place between a party of insurgents, under Sir Thomas Wyatt, and a detachment of the royal army, in which the former were repulsed. After the subsequent defeat and capture of Sir Thomas Wyatt at Ludgate, he was executed, and, as Stow tells us, his head set up on a gallows at this very place.
According to the "Annual Register" for , "Hay Hill was granted by Queen Anne to the then Speaker of the House of Commons; but much clamour being made about it as a bribe,. At the foot of Hay Hill, in a lane leading towards Bruton Mews South, is a small publichouse called the "Three Chairmen," pointing back to the days when sedan chairs were in fashion.
It is sunk below the level of the ground, and at one end is a flight of steps, with an upright iron bar in the centre. It is said that this bar was put up because a highwayman who had done some deed of violence in May Fair rode his horse through the defile, much to the danger of the foot-passengers.
In Bolton Row, in the early part of the present century, resided Mr. Henry Angelo, the noted teacher of the noble art of fencing, who lived all his life in the world of fashion, and whose "Reminiscences" occupy two large volumes.
Charles Street and Hill Street, both on the western side of the square, are handsome thoroughfares; and the houses in both have always been tenanted by the highest and noblest families. In Hayes Mews, running northwards between these two streets, there is a public-house bearing the sign of the "Running Footman," much frequented by the servants of the neighbouring gentry.
Upon the sign-board is represented a tall, agile man in gay attire, and with a stick having a metal ball at top; he is engaged in running, and underneath are the words, "I am the only running footman.
It is obvious that the very word "footman," still in constant use for a man-servant, implies the original purpose for which such a servant was kept—namely, to run alongside his master's carriage.
Chambers tells us in his "Book of Days," that the custom of keeping running footmen survived to such recent times that Sir Walter Scott remembered seeing the state-coach of John, Earl of Hopetoun, attended by one of the fraternity, "clothed in white, and bearing a staff. Thoms tells an amusing anecdote of a man who came to be hired for the duty by that ancient but far from venerable peer. The duke was in the habit of trying the pace of candidates for his service by seeing how they could run up and down Piccadilly, watching and timing them from his balcony.
They put on a livery before the trial. On one occasion, a candidate presented himself, dressed, and ran. At the conclusion of his performance he stood before the balcony. In Charles Street, at No. In this street, too, have resided at one time or another, the Earl of Ellenborough, some time Governor-General of India; Mr. James R. Hope-Scott, of Abbotsford, who came into possession of that property through his marriage with the grand-daughter and heiress of Sir Walter Scott; Mr.
Thomas Baring, M. Of John Street, which connects the western end of Charles Street with Hill Street, there is little or nothing to say, beyond the fact that it bears the Christian name of Lord Berkeley of Stratton, whom we have already mentioned.
At the junction of these two streets stands Berkeley Chapel, one of the many proprietary chapels in the parish of St. George's, Hanover Square, to which a conventional district out of that parish has been attached.
It dates from about Sydney Smith, at one time, was its officiating minister. Externally, it has as little to recommend it as most West-end proprietary chapels; but in —5 its interior was decorated in good ecclesiastical taste. Hill Street, so called from some trifling ascent on the farm of Lord Berkeley already mentioned, was erected in the early part of the last century. It comprises none but fine and handsome houses, and has always been inhabited chiefly by titled families, or, at all events, those of high aristocratic connections.
Amongst its former residents Mr. Cunningham enumerates the "good" Lord Lyttelton; Mrs. Montagu, before she became a widow and removed to her more celebrated house in Portman Square; the first Lord Malmesbury; and Lord Chief-Justice Camden, who died here in In this street the late Lord De Tabley, better known by his former name of Sir John Leicester, made his fine collection of paintings of the English school.
In , it counted among its residents Mr. Henry Brougham, M. Ridley Colborne, afterwards Lord Colborne; both the latter were known for their galleries of pictures. Wraxall, in his "Historical Memoirs in his own Time," gives us a most interesting picture of the gatherings of literary celebrities and fashionable ladies under the roof of Mrs. Montagu, which were nicknamed the Blue Stocking Club, and into which, he tells us, he was introduced by Sir William Pepys.
He describes minutely her dinners, and her evening parties, and the good looks and esprit of the hostess as she was seen in the season of , when verging on sixty. Here frequently came the ponderous and sententious Dr.
Johnson, as a satellite attendant on Mr. Thrale; Edmund Burke, grave and reserved, his society being more coveted than enjoyed; Lord Erskine, then just beginning to be known to fame as an orator; Dr. Shipley, the Bishop of St.
Chapone, who concealed the most varied and superior attainments under the plainest of outward forms; Sir Joshua Reynolds, with his ear-trumpet, prevented by deafness from joining in the general conversation; Horace Walpole, full of anecdote, gathered partly by contact with the world and partly by tradition from his father, the great Sir Robert; the learned and grave Mrs.
Carter, the "Madame Dacier of England;" Dr. Burney, and his daughter, afterwards Madame D'Arblay, the author of "Evelina" and "Cecilia;" David Garrick, whose presence shed a gaiety over the whole room; the Duchess Dowager of Portland, grand-daughter of the Lord Treasurer Harley, Earl of Oxford; and Georgina, Duchess of Devonshire, then in the first bloom of youth.
Audley," whose name is connected with North and South Audley Streets. In this street lived "Joe Manton," the gun-maker, before his removal to Dover Street. When in London Byron used to go to Manton's shooting-gallery, to try his hand, as he said, at a wafer.
Captain Gronow, in his agreeable anecdotes and reminiscences, tells us that Wedderburn Webster was present one day when the poet, intensely delighted with his own skill, boasted to Joe Manton that he considered himself the best shot in London. The top of Davies Street runs into Oxford Street, not at right angles, as most of the other thoroughfares, but diagonally, and appears to follow the course of an old and narrow thoroughfare called Shug Lane, which, in the "New View of London," published in , is mentioned as in a line with Marylebone Lane.
The very name of Shug Lane, however, has long since passed away. Farm Street, for such is the name by which the mews at the rear of the north side of Hill Street is dignified, contains the Jesuit Church of the Immaculate Conception, a handsome and lofty Gothic structure of the Decorated style, designed by Mr. Scoles, and built in —9. The fabric is the first possessed by the Jesuits in London since the expulsion of the order from Somerset House and St. James's under the Stuart sovereigns.
The design of his famous console tables can be traced directly to Roman Baroque examples, and even some of interiors are Baroque, most notably his magnificently over-the-top staircase at 44 Berkeley Square in London. Little known is that Kent also designed for the theater, a result, very likely, of his admiration of the work of Inigo Jones. Home Houses 44 Berkeley Square. Architect: William Kent Date of Birth: Date of Death: Nationality: English Notes: Born as William Cant in Bridlington, Yorkshire, in the late 17th century, the future William Kent, who would be known in later life as "Il Signore," began as an apprentice coach painter in Hull, where his talent was soon noticed by a local squire, who, together with a number of the local Yorkshire gentry, raised the money to send Kent to Italy to study painting and architecture he accompanied the collector John Tellman.
Other notable occupants of the house were William Fullarton, M. The unsatisfactory nature of this side of the square was often a subject of comment. In Malton described it as 'a situation which deserves to be better occupied' and in The World included it in a list of 'Fine Situations Long Neglected'. From about a number of proposals for rebuilding were received including ones from Jeffry Wyatt, Philip Wyatt and George Basevi on behalf of clients, but William Porden, the estate surveyor, had decided that the ground was worth the very high rental of ten guineas per foot frontage, and at that price there were no takers.
Nevertheless preparations went ahead. Greater depth of plot was provided by moving the roadway at the rear further to the north, a change which had the concurrence of the local paving commissioners, the existing houses between Davies Street and Jones Street were demolished in , and the ground was advertised in the newspapers. But it was not until the end of September , very shortly after Thomas Cundy I had succeeded Porden as estate surveyor, that an offer was finally accepted when John Bailey, the proprietor of the hotel which stood on the site of the present No.
This much-reduced figure was then applied to the rest of the frontage up to Davies Street which had all been taken by the end of October Of the four houses, Nos. Originally, however, they seem, despite their differing widths, to have been built to an overall terrace design which was treated with some flexibility in execution Plate 17a, 17b. The only other builder known to have been connected with these houses was Alexander Mingay, bricklayer, of St.
James's, who built a sewer in the square on behalf of John Bailey, the lessee of No. The general elevation of the range could have been provided by William Porden, who furnished plans and what was described as 'a sketch of the proposed improvements' to prospective developers, fn.
On stylistic grounds the latter is more likely, and it may be significant that on Cundy's death in he was owed money by the lessee of No. The plot to the east of Jones Street was not included in either the rebuilding scheme of the 's or that of the 's, and its history is described under No. Most of this large plot was originally let in the 's to a farrier, Francis Cornish, who built a house and other buildings on the northern part with coach-houses and stables to the south.
In another small building was erected to the west of the main house on the corner with Jones Street, and was first occupied by John Linnell, William Linnell's eldest son. It was usually occupied, and sometimes let, separately from No. In the late eighteenth century it was a fishmonger's shop and in the second half of the nineteenth century was occupied by a succession of doctors and dentists. On William Linnell's death in John Linnell took over his father's business and retained the premises in Berkeley Square until his own death in During his ownership the site was expanded by taking in a small house to the east which faced John now Bourdon Street.
The Linnells were amongst the most important cabinetmakers and upholsterers of the eighteenth century, and a number of surviving documents and an outline plan of c. Facing Berkeley Square was a large building with a frontage of over sixtyfive feet, having a basement, three main storeys and garrets. On the ground floor the doorway was in the centre and to the east were two windows ranging in line with those above, but the sketch appears to show a large shop window on the west side of the doorway, perhaps lighting a showroom a 'Fore Ware Room' is mentioned in an inventory or the counting-house which was situated on the ground floor near the parlour.
Behind this building, which principally housed the Linnells' domestic quarters, there were four, and in one part five, storeys of workshops and other rooms.
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